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Module 04 · 10 min

En Route & VFR Services

Flight following, Class C & D entry, frequency changes, descent

RULE

Requesting Flight Following

Call Center or Approach with: position, altitude, aircraft type, destination, and the request. Pack it into one transmission so the controller doesn't have to ask follow-up questions. Example: "Seattle Center, Cessna 4 Sierra Uniform, 12 miles south of KPAE, 4,500, VFR to KBFI, request flight following."

EXAMPLE

Flight Following Initial Call

ATC

Cessna 4 Sierra Uniform, Seattle Center, squawk 0342, ident.

Correct readback

Squawk 0342, 4 Sierra Uniform.

AVOID

Flight Following Mistakes

  • Not reading back the squawk code — always required.
  • Saying "squawking 0342" instead of reading it back first, then squawking.
  • "0342, wilco" — "wilco" doesn't confirm the squawk code.
RULE

Entering Class C Airspace

You must establish two-way communication BEFORE entering Class C. "Establish two-way" means ATC has called you by your call sign — an initial acknowledgment with just your call sign counts. If they say "standby," that counts. If they give no response at all, don't enter.

EXAMPLE

Class C Entry

ATC

Cessna 4 Sierra Uniform, Honolulu Approach, squawk 3341, report 5-mile final.

Correct readback

Squawk 3341, will report 5-mile final, 4 Sierra Uniform.

EXAMPLE

Frequency Change

ATC

Cessna 4 Sierra Uniform, frequency change approved, good day.

Correct readback

Frequency change approved, good day, 4 Sierra Uniform.

EXAMPLE

Descent Instruction

ATC

Cessna 4 Sierra Uniform, descend and maintain 3,500.

Correct readback

Descend and maintain 3,500, 4 Sierra Uniform.

TIP

Altitude Format

Always say all digits: "three thousand five hundred," never "thirty-five hundred." This is an FAA AIM requirement, not a preference. On a checkride, "thirty-five hundred" is a phraseology error.